Varicose veins of the lower extremities, which is also called varicose veins, it manifests itself as the expansion of the surface veins of the legs, which accompanies the deteriorated blood flow and the valve failure.
With the varicose veins of the veins of the legs, the expansion of the walls of the veins of a bag -shaped type are formed.In this state, there is an increase in the length of the veins, its serpentine convictions,
valve deficiency.Currently, varicose veins are very common: it is observed in approximately 17-25 % of people.
At an early age, before puberty, this ailment develops in representatives of both sexes with the same frequency.However, in women in adulthood, varicose veins are observed twice as much as in men.A similar image can be explained by significant hormonal changes during the appearance of menstruation, during pregnancy.As a result, the tone of the veins weakens, expand and a violation of the circulation of venous blood is produced.
The causes of the varicose veins of the legs
Today, experts tend to support many theories that indicate why varicose veins are being developed in the legs.But, nevertheless, speaking of the main reason for this ailment, it must be taken into account Violation of the valve apparatus veins.As a result, the valves make it difficult to move the blood in the opposite direction.Therefore, only blood flow to the heart occurs completely.The insufficient valve function of the veins may appear due to thrombosis, fault of congenital valves, weakness of the walls of the veins and other causes.
With insufficient veins valves in a person who has risen in their feet, the blood is directed under the influence of gravity.When walking, the muscles of the lower axles that surround the deep veins are reduced.Consequently, the veins are devastated and an increase arises Venous pressure.As a result, the blood enters the surface veins, they stretch and manifest varicose veins.
There are also a number of factors that directly affect the progression of varicose veins.In women, varicose veins often develop as a consequence pregnancy.During this period, the volume of blood increases significantly in the female body.The growing uterus is very pressed on the veins that come from the legs.In addition, in the pregnancy process, the hormonal restructuring of the body affects the condition of the veins.In many cases, varicose veins during pregnancy are reversible, that is, after childbirth, gradually disappears.
Very often, the varicose veins of the lower extremities manifest in people who are forced to stand in the process for a long time.Another risk factor for varicose veins is obesity: Open people have increased intra -abdominal pressure and, as a result, the expansion of the veins.
Often, the veins also expand in regular streets prone.This happens in Chronic constipation, cough, Prostate adenoma and other conditions.Varicose veins can sometimes become a consequence of surgical operations in the legs.
Another factor that predisposes to varicose veins is the age of a person.As a rule, over time, the aging of the valves and the walls of the veins occurs.As a result, elasticity is lost and the veins are stretched.
Varicose veins often occur in patients suffering Deep veins thrombosishaving Anomalies of congenital blood vessels.
Given the factors that directly influenced the development of the disease, it is usual to distinguish between Primary AND secondary Varicose veins.
Symptoms of the development of varicose veins of the veins
First, the visible symptoms of the varicose veins in the legs are the appearance of a thin vein network on the surface of the legs of the legs.Such manifestations arise mainly in the thigh zone.Such varicose network is easier to consider in people who suffer cellulitis.Sometimes it is cellulite that becomes a kind of omen of varicose veins.Often, fat deposits for cellulite are squeezed with venous vessels and, as a result, blood flow is complicated and varicose veins are produced.
The hair networks on the legs that appear at the beginning of the varicose veins are called TELENGIOECTASIES.However, it should be taken into account that such external manifestations can be signs of varicose veins and a manifestation of a temporal inflammatory process.
In some cases, leg swelling indicates the beginning of varicose veins.However, this sign can be a symptom and other diseases (heart failure, Urolithiasis of kidney disease).Therefore, in this case, it is impossible to speak clearly about the development of varicose veins until the diagnosis is established.
The symptom of varicose veins often also becomes a manifestation of pain in the legs.The pain can be acute and also have traction signs.Very often, with varicose veins, calf pain manifests.It occurs mainly in the afternoon, after a certain load on the legs.
Therefore, a person who observes the appearance of a capillary grid, the periodic manifestations of pain and edema should consult a doctor and submit to the necessary studies.
Often, varicose veins give the patient a certain cosmetic discomfort.But in addition to this, it can show a feeling of strong heaviness in the legs, at night it can happen Seizures, in the legs they gradually manifest Trophic changes.
Visually varicose disease can manifest with "stars" not particularly notable of small vessels, and very large nodes and plexus, which are especially distinguished when the patient is in an upright position.
If the palpation of the veins is carried out, its elastic elastic consistency is determined, they are easily compressed.Anta on the nodes of the varicose veins can have a higher temperature than the rest of the areas.If a person takes a horizontal position, then the voltage of the veins decreases and the nodes become less pronounced.
If, with the development of the disease, a person does not think about how to treat varicose veins, the disease progresses, and gradually the feeling of rapid fatigue, the constant severity of the legs and a sensation of swelling in their tissues unite, and the seizures can sometimes be handled.If swelling appears, then disappear after a long break at night.
Diagnosis of varicose veins of the veins
Diagnosis of This Disease is relativley Easy.The specialist must perform an exam and survey of the patient, studies an anamnesis.In the additional studies process, the status of the valves of the main and communicating veins is determined, and the level of permeability of the deep veins is evaluated.There are several samples that allow you to evaluate the state of the veins and the degree of development of the disease.
If the patient has a varicose disease without complications, in most cases instrumental diagnostic methods are used.
Treatment of the varicose veins of the legs
The conservative treatment of varicose veins is mainly prescribed for those who have clear contraindications for surgical intervention.
In addition, this treatment is indicated in the presence of a patient with a slight expansion of veins, which is an exclusively cosmetic defect.The objective of conservative therapy is also a prevention of a greater progression of this ailment.For this purpose, patients are recommended to use legs affected by varicose veins, an elastic bandage.In addition, compression point garments for varicose veins are indicated.People who tend to varicose veins or who are already sick with this ailment should regularly put their legs for elevation throughout the day, resting for several minutes.There are also special exercises for the lower leg and feet destined to activate the muscular venous pump.This is a periodic extension and flexion in the ankle and knee joints.
The patient must ensure that he is not allowed to tighten the lower part of the leg and hips with different objects of the toilet, since this can significantly complicate the current of venous blood.
Using elastic compression, it can activate blood flow in deep veins, prevent edema, reduce the amount of blood in the subcutaneous veins, promote the metabolic processes of the body and the microcirculation of the blood.
But to achieve positive results, it is important to bandage the leg properly.This process must be carried out in the morning without leaving the bed.Binting begins from the fingers to the hip, while a small voltage of the bandage should be felt.In the bandage process, it is necessary to capture the heel and articulation of the ankle.The bandage with each turn around the limb must cover half of the previous tour.You should only buy an elastic bandage certified and compression knit garments.
The treatment of varicose veins also implies the use of comfortable shoes, in which there must be a low heel and a hard sole.You should not bear much time, allow physical tension, remain in the rooms with high temperature and humidity for a long time for a long time.In a dream, it is advisable to keep the legs in a high position.
Patients should limit the use of fluids and salt, try to get rid of Overweight.For the treatment of varicose veins, it is periodically necessary to take drugs-diuretic, agents that improve the tone of the veins.In addition, if there are indications, the patient can prescribe medications that stimulate microcirculation in the tissues.Varicose veins therapy may also include taking non -steroidal anti -inflammatory medications.
If the patient has a form without complications of the disease, he shows classes of physiotherapy exercises.Swimming, other water procedures, leg legs with warm water, in which a 5-10 % solution of hydrochloric acid sodium salt is added.
Very often, in the treatment of varicose veins, local therapy methods are used.But such treatment should be used in combination with other drug methods.Local products in varicose veins occur in the form of gels, ointments, creams.Most of these medications have a glycosaminoglycan or venoactive components that contain sour sulfur.The ointments of the varicose veins contribute to the normalization of the tone of the walls of the veins, can adjust the deteriorated lymphatic flow and the microcirculation.In separate local drugs, there are several different active components.
If, in the process of varicose veins, a secondary infection occurs, then it is advisable to use external agents with antibiotics either antiseptic.
Since ancient times, treatment has been used for treatment HirudotherapyWith varicose veins.The use of leeches that secrete the anticoagulant contained in the salivary glands allows you to dilute the blood, it helps solveBlows, get rid of vascular stars and varicose nodes.In addition, hirudotherapy for varicose veins reduces leg pain, overcomes swelling.However, hirudotherapy is important to use already in the early stages of varicose veins.This treatment should not be used for people with hemophilia, anemia, Hypotension, Pregnant women.
However, the radical method for varicose veins therapy is surgical surgery.It is carried out to eliminate venous venous refluxes.Such operation is not carried out in the presence of lung concomitant diseases, cardiovascular system, kidneys, liver.You cannot perform such an operation for pregnant women, as well as people suffering from purulent diseases.Modern technologies allow an endoscopic technique to perform this operation.
If a person only has small branches, sclerotherapy is allowed.Such operation implies the introduction of a sclerosing solution to paste the walls of the vein in a vein.After that, the veins carry out repeated injections in other segments, while reaching full prison.
With varicose veins, combined operational therapy is also used, in which large trunks of altered veins and small branches sclerotherapy are eliminated.After surgery, patients are recommended to continue using an elastic bandage for 8-12 weeks.
Treatment of the varicose veins of the legs with popular methods
In addition to the standard treatment methods, the recipes of traditional medicine, which have been used for a long time to treat varicose veins, bring a good effect.The treatment of varicose veins by popular remedies can be practiced in parallel with traditional therapy.
With varicose veins, a good effect brings the use of a massage shower.Such massage can be done in the daily acceptance process of the shower.Water jets should simply go to those areas where the manifestations of varicose veins are seen.The massage begins with warm jets, but over time, water should be colder.You can also use contrast massage, alternating warm and cold water.It is important that such massage ends with cold jets.If the massage occurs correctly, then the areas of the skin that were massages are blushed.After such massage, you must grind your legs and apply an ointment or therapeutic gel on them.
With varicose veins, it is also recommended to carry out therapeutic bathrooms for herbal decoctions.Such bathrooms should not be hot.There is a good effect in the morning of a gross bath, birch leaves, ortigas.To prepare such an infusion, you must take a teaspoon of crushed herbs and pour a liter of boiling water.The infusion must represent for several hours.The bathroom lasts about 29 minutes.To increase the tone of the blood vessels, the use of the same bathroom from the infusion of the Network of Ortigas, chamomile, lemon balm and oregano is effective.
Prevention of the varicose veins of the legs
The prevention of varicose veins includes a series of measures aimed at preventing the signs of the disease.It is useful for each person to periodically hold their high legs, take breaks during sitting work and do not wear underwear that is being experienced.A good method for the prevention of varicose veins will be a contrast shower, the inclusion in the diet of products that are beneficial to blood, perform some physical exercises.In the first signs of varicose veins, consult a doctor to prevent the progression of the disease.
Complications of the varicose veins of the legs
Very often, as a complication of varicose disease, it manifests itself Acute thrombophlebitis of surface veins.Sometimes, due to damage, a varicose and bleeding node occurs.With the excess blood of the node that exploded, very significant blood loss is possible.
In addition, due to the increase in pressure in the vein system, the blood pressure is slowed.Because of this, it can develop Hypoxia And the next Oxygen hunger.Due to the development of said state, the tissue tissue can die, which is a dangerous process for the body.Due to the pronounced stagnation of the blood in the veins, toxins accumulate in the tissues.
The complications of this ailment are also blocking the blood vessel thrombus, a violation of leg tissue nutrition, the appearance of pigmentation and darkening of the skin.
Gradually it becomes a densest layer of subcutaneous fat, it arises dermatitis, Venous trophic ulcers.In very rare cases, there is a degeneration of such ulcers in malignant formations.
If the disease continues for a long period, then a person can develop later Chronic venous deficiency.
But the most dangerous complication of varicose disease is Thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery.This disease is full of death.